Dimethyl Mercury converts to Monomethyl Mercury at low pH. Fog is acidic and the hydrous coating on marine aersosols can be very acidic. Low pH in Fog or on the acidic hydrous coating on marine aersosols can turn Dimethyl Mercury into Monomethyl Mercury.
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Fall 2019The Biogeochemical Behavior and Speciation of Mercury in the Sea Surface Microlayer: Implications for Transport to Watersheds via Fog
Alexander J. Olson
California State University, Monterey Bay
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The biology of fog: results from coastal Maine and Namib Desert reveal common drivers of fog microbial composition
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Dimethylmercury in Seawater:A Potential Source of Monomethylmercury in Fog
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Fog chemistry at the new england coast: Influence of air mass history (abstract) O.Klemm*A.S.Bachmeier†R.W.Talbot‡K.I.Klemm
"During the spring, summer and fall seasons of 1990, we sampled fog at a coastal location in New England for chemical analysis...
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Mercury in fog on the Bay of Fundy (Canada)
Abstract Mercury concentrations in fog water, collected during the summer of 2003, were found to vary along a geospatial gradient from Grand Manan (an island at the mouth of the Bay of Fundy, with Hg levels 42–435 ng l−1), the main coastline of New Brunswick at Point Lepreau (2–33 ng l−1), to an inland location in Fredericton, Canada (3.5 ng l−1).
Hg concentrations were higher during days when air masses were stationary and fog conditions were extended over several days. High concentrations on Grand Manan were most likely due to continued atmospheric deposition of Hg into fog banks of long duration, high air turbulence along the steep 100 m cliffs, and decreasing droplet size with increasing air temperature during the course of the day. We found that fog Hg deposition was about 0.4–7.5% of wet Hg deposition along the coastal area, whereas on Grand Manan Island, fog Hg deposition from was 31–74% of wet Hg deposition.
the variability of the
data, resulting in a synoptic time series spanning over three decades from 1982 to 2014. Benthic
temperatures increased throughout the domain, including in the Gulf of Maine. Rates of benthic warming
ranged from 0.1 to 0.48C per decade, with fastest rates occurring in shallow, nearshore regions and on
Georges Bank, the latter exceeding rates observed in the surface. Rates of benthic warming were up to 1.6
times faster in winter than the rest of the year in many regions, with important implications for disease
occurrence and energetics of overwintering species. Drivers of warming varied over the domain. In southern
New England and the mid-Atlantic shallow Shelf regions, benthic warming was tightly coupled to changes
in SST, whereas both regional and basin-scale changes in ocean circulation affect temperatures in the Gulf
of Maine, the Continental Shelf, and Georges Banks. These results highlight data gaps, the current feasibility
of prediction from remotely sensed variables, and the need for improved understanding on how climate
may affect seasonally specific ecological processes.
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