Northern Chemical site at Kidder Point. For a Superfund case in Mass

 Information Request Response by W.R. Grace & Co,

Appendix 3.   Plant Description for Northern Chemical, Searsport 

Complete document  75 pages (pdf)    (Pages 58 to 75: Maps & Diagrams

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page# and Title

1. Location              

1. Place                

2. Community    

3. Communications: land, water, telephone, telegraph 

4. Climate

4. Topography

4. PLANT SITE

4. Boundaries

4. Map

5. Plot  Plan

5. PRODUCTS & RAW MATERIALS

5. History

5. Products

6. Raw Materials

6. Block Flow Diagram

6. Performance

8. Table 1  NCI Annual Production 1962-1963 1963-1964 1964-1965

9. Manufacturing  Facilities

9. Normal Superphosphate Plant

9. Sulfuric Acid Plant

10. Ammonium Sulfate Plant

11.  Alum Plant

11. Ammonia Plant

12. Nitric Acid Plant

13. Ammonium Nitrate and Solutions Plant

13. UTILITY FACILITIES

13 Power Generation

13 City Water

13. Salt Water

14. Purchased Power

14. Natural Gas

14. Fuel Oil

14 OFFSITE FACILITIES

14. Offices

15. Fences

15. Roads

16. Dock

16. Laboratories

16. Railroad Spurs & Rolling Stock

17. Employee Change House

17. Parking Area

17.Yard Lighting

17. Safety and Fire Equipment

18 .Stores

18. Maintenances Shops

19. Warehouse

19. Portable Tools and Vehicles

21. SECTION VC  PROCESS DESCRIPTION

21, Sulfuric Acid 

24. Normal Superphosphate

29. Ammonium Sulfate

32. Alum 

36. Ammonia

42. Nitric Acid 

46. Ammonium Nitrate

51 Utilities (bottom of page)

55. AMMONIA STORAGE 

58 DIAGRAMS

58 FIG 1  Location Map NCI Plant

59 FIG 2 Property Plan  NCI Plant

 60 FIG 3 Plot Plan NCI Plant

61 FIG 4 Block Flow Diagram 

62  FIG 5 Simple Flow diagram. NCI sulfuric acid plants

63  FIG 6 Simple Flow Diagram NCI Superphosphate Plant

64  FIG 7 Simple Flow Diagram  Ammonium Sulfate Plant

65 FIG 8 Simple Flow Diagram  NCI  Alum Plant

66 FIG 9 Simple Flow Diagram Syn Gas Prep, Ammonia plant

67  FIG 10 Simple flow Diagram Syn gas puriufication

68  FIG 11 Simple Flow Diagram, compression, synthesis & storage

69  FIG 12  Simple Flow Diagram NCI Nitric Acid Plant

70  FIGURE 13 Simple Flow Diagram Ammonium Nitrate Plant

71  FIG 14 Simple Flow Diagram NCI Solutions Plant

72   FIG 15 Simple Flow Diagram Power Distribution 

73   FIG 16 Steam Distribution NCI Plant

74  FIG 17 Water Distribution NCI Plant

75  FIG 18 10,000 ton Ammonia Terminal

END OF DOCUMENT

Offshore wind power: water current & stratification impact studies from PNNL 2022-2023

BACKSTORY to below studies "From 2020-2022, NOAA Fisheries and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) partnered with the Responsible Offshore Development Alliance (RODA) on the “Synthesis of the Science: Fisheries and Offshore Wind Energy,”    This focused on ... ecosystem effects, fisheries socioeconomics, fisheries management and data collection, methods and approaches, and regional science planning.   Source: Pacific NW Natl Laboratory- Coastal Sciences Division   

* Projected cross-shore changes in upwelling induced by offshore wind farm development along the California coast April 13, 2023

* Fisheries and Offshore Wind Interactions: Synthesis of Science March 1, 2023

* On the importance of wind turbine wake boundary to wind energy and environmental impact  February 1 , 2023

* Mapping potential environmental impacts of offshore renewable energy Oct 1, 2022

For more studies like these: TETHYS: PNNL's  Marine energy knowledge base content

Me Legislature's Judiciary Committee April 19, 2023

On 4/19/23 the Judiciary Committee held a worksession on LD 1425 and hearings on LD 609 and LD 1603. Below is audio  of  the participants 

LD 1425 "An Act to Strengthen Freedom of Access Protections by Allowing Remote Meetings to Be Recorded"   

*LD 1425 worksession 22min 43sec OTPA

LD 609 "An Act to Ensure an Incarcerated Individual's Right to Make Free Telephone Calls Protected by Attorney-Client Privilege"  Sponsor Representative Tavis Hasenfus

* 1.  Intro by sponsor Tavis Hasenfus 6min 

* 2. Jan Collins, MPAC  3min53sec

* 3 Ken Mason, Me Sheriffs Assn NFNA  4min38sec

LD 1603 An Act to Implement the Recommendations of the Committee To Ensure Constitutionally Adequate Contact with Counsel

* 1. Intro Sen Carney  & Q&A  24min 30sec

* 2. Megan Sway MCLU & QA 8min56sec

* 3. Jan Collins MPAC 5 min 57sec

* 4. Ken Mason ME Sheriffs Assn 4mibn 14sec 

* 5. Ken Mason Q&A 15min 28sec

* 6. Lisa Marchese  AG office crim div 8min 38sec

END

s each seines

 

searsi island beach sseining 

2009

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/beachseine_rpt_09.pdf

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/pbw_beachseine_rpt_2009.pdf

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine5.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine5a.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/pbw_beachseine_rpt_2009.pdf

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine4.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine4_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine6_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine8.jpg OCTOBER 2009

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine5a_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine7_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine7.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine3a.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine6.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine9.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine1.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine7a.jpg

2009 BEACHSEINES

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines

NOVEMBER 1 2009

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_bchseine_110109/SearsislandBeachSeineSurveyNovember12009.alb

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/si_bchseine_110109/SearsislandBeachSeineSurveyNovember12009.alb

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_bchseine_110109

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_bchseine_110109/

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/si_bchseine_110109

NOV 7 TO NOV 11, 2009

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseineresults_1109/

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine9_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine8_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine3.jpg

NOVEMBER 23,2009

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/ssh_beachseine_111409/bchseine_111409.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/ssh_beachseine_111409/bchseine_111409.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseine_112309

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/ssh_beachseine_111409/bchseine_111409_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/ssh_beachseine_111409/bchseine_111409_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine5_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseine_112309/

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/si_beachseine_112309

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseine_112309/

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseine_112309

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseine_photos_taber_1109

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseine_112309/

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/si_beachseine_photos_taber_1109

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/si_beachseineresults_1109

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/si_beachseineresults_1109

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/ssh_beachseine_111409

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/ssh_beachseine_111409

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/ssh_beachseine_112209

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/ssh_beachseine_112209

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine1.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine9.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine4.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine6.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine8.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine3.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine5.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine7.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine3a.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine5a.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine7a.html

http://www.penbay.org/publab/summer_maps/searsport_beach_seines/ssh_beachseine_111409/bchseine_111409.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/ssh_beachseine_111409/bchseine_111409.html

http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine7a_small.jpg

2010

JULY 18,2010

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810/searsisland_seinesite6_071810.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810/beachseinelocation.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810/searsisland_seinesite6_071810_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810/beachseinelocation.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810/searsisland_seinesite6_071810.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2010/si_beachseine071810/beachseinelocation_small.jpg

2011

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_shrimps4_ruler.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet6.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet7.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet02_countfish2.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_09.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_eel.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_eel2.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish1.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish3.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_shrimps.html

ttp://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_shrimps2.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet5.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet11.html

http://www.penbay.orghttp://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet02_countfish5_greencrab.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_08.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_fog.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_shrimps3_ruler.html

http://www.penbay.org/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish2.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet12.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet9.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet8.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet02_countfish1.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet10.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_01.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet3.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet02_countfish4.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish_shrimp_larvae5.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet02_countfish3.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_07.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish_shrimp_larvae.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet4.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet1.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_06.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2.html

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http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_05.html

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http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish_shrimp_larvae4.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet2.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_04.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_02.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_03.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet13_stuckonrock.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_011.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_012.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_010.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet16_back2shore.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet15_back2shore.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet14_back2shore.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish2_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_06_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_07_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet2_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish1_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_eel_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_eel2_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet13_stuckonrock_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet4_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet9_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet12_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_09_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_03_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet6_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland.org/galleries/beachseines1109.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet14_back2shore_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_01_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet11_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/beachseines1109.html

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet5_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet8_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet03_deploynet2_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_unrollnet7_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_fish_shrimp_larvae2_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet01_fog_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet02_countfish3_small.jpg

http://www.penbay.org/searsisland/2011/beachseineing082111SearsportMaine/beachseine_082111_lowtidet04_catch2_02_shrimps2_small.jpg

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http://www.penbay.org/hapc/beachseine_searsport_hbr_101109/beachseine3a_small.jpg USFC

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http://www.penbay.org/aq/audio/legis_13/050313/melegis050313_1264_yellowperch_seine_full_14min.mp3

Marine Resources committee 4/6/23 12 mile limit, Smelt, Triploid oysters

 * Intro  to April 6, 2023 mtg    min58sec

12 MILE LIMIT FOR STATE

* LD 563 Intro Faulkingham 12min 24sec

* LD 563 Intro Brakey 7min 15sec

* Brakey  Q&A 1 min 15sec

* LD 563 Keliher 13min

* Mahary 10th amendment ctr

*    Gelinas on 563   1 min 45sec

SMELT

*   LD 593 Smelt  co sponsor 5min 15sec

* LD 595 Keliher 6mi 35sec

*  LD 593 Keliher Q&A

* Bailey Bowden NFNA

TRIPLOID OYSTERS

LD 711 Triploid Oysters supporters 19min

Oppos 

Diane Tilton downeast Inst 6min 15sec

Erik Aransky 2min

* Joanna Fogg  oyster farmer 2min 34sec

LD711 OPPO Dierdre Gilbert 3min 38sec

*

Offshore Windpower: Gov's Energy Office staff at EUT Committee, ME windpower progress report

Listen to first a progress report on Maine's Ocean Windpower efforts, by Sarah Cunningham of the Governor's Energy Office.  Then vigorous questioning about fisheries whales and much more.

Cunningham's presentation is broken into several sections  for ease of listening. So are the questions from the Energy and Utilities & Technology Committee members.    Presenters document pdf

 EUT committee Introductions 75sec

Selena Cunningham Presentation

1. Pt 1 6min38sec     2.  Pt 2 3min34sec 

3. Pt 3 3min34sec   4.  Pt4 3min45sec4

Selena Cunningham Questions & Answers 

Pt 5  QA 1 5min14sec

Pt 6  QA 2  6min 16sec

7 Pt 7 QA 3. 12min 30sec

Pt 8 QA 5 (4) 9min

Full Presentation  by Guv'nors\s Energy  office 90min

Our estuaries our microbes.

Animals in a  bacterial world

Dynamics of Microbial Community Structure and Ecological Functions in Estuarine Intertidal Sediments

Estuarine plastisphere as an overlooked source of N2O production

Quorum sensing in Acinetobacter: with special emphasis on antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation and quorum quenching

Effects of bacterial biofilms on settlement of plantigrades of the mussel Mytilus coruscus

ReviewLove at First Taste: Induction of Larval Settlement byMarine Microbes

Preservation of exopolymeric substances in estuarine sediments

Abundant and rare bacteria in anthropogenic estuary: Community co-occurrence and assembly patterns

Environmental Biofilms as Reservoirs for Antimicrobial Resistance

Estuarine biofilm patterns: Modern analogues for Precambrian self-organization

Numerical Modeling of Microbial Fate and Transport in Natural Waters: Review and Implications for Normal and Extreme Storm Events

How Microbial Biofilms Control the Environmental Fate of Engineered Nanoparticles?  2020

ReviewMarine and estuarine natural microbial biofilms: ecological andbiogeochemical dimensions 2016 

Climate change and management of biofilms within drinking water distribution systems 2022

Abstract

This field and laboratory study examines regularly patterned biofilms on present-day intertidal flats  

Algal mats of filamentous Vaucheria species, functionally similar to microbial biofilms, cover the topographic highs of regularly spaced ridge–runnel bedforms. 

As regular patterning is typically associated with self-organization processes, indicators of self-organization are tested and found to support this hypothesis. 

The measurements suggest that biofilm-induced sediment trapping and biostabilization enhance bedform relief, strength and multi-year persistence.

Algal-covered ridges consist of wavy-crinkly laminated sedimentary deposits that resemble the layered structure  microbially induced sedimentary structures. 

In addition to layering, both the morphological pattern and the suggested formation mechanism of the recent bedforms are strikingly similar to microbialite strata found in rock records from the Precambrian onwards. 

This implies that self-organization was an important morphological process in times when biofilms were the predominant sessile ecosystem. 

These findings furthermore emphasize  self-organization dynamics, such as critical transitions invoking ecosystem emergence or collapse, 

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• Part 2. Marine Microbial Biofilm Initiation (pdf pg 2) first two paragraphs. 
• Then go to page 5 and learn how it is a two stage attachment "Bacterial Two-phase Attachment Processes " They land on a surface, wiggle around and decide whether its good place to attach OR they relaunch and float around in search of a "tastier" surface.
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• One they start setting up the sugary walls of their natural biofilms., they are, like barnacles, irrevocably stuck there. That is until the biofilm decides to break up or gets broken up.

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 This field and laboratory study examines whether regularly patterned biofilms on present-day intertidal flats are equivalent to microbially induced bedforms found in geological records dating back to the onset of life on Earth. Algal mats of filamentous Vaucheria species, functionally similar to microbial biofilms, cover the topographic highs of regularly spaced ridge–runnel bedforms. As regular patterning is typically associated with self-organization processes, indicators of self-organization are tested and found to support this hypothesis. The measurements suggest that biofilm-induced sediment trapping and biostabilization enhance bedform relief, strength and multi-year persistence. This demonstrates the importance of primitive organisms for sedimentary landscape development. Algal-covered ridges consist of wavy-crinkly laminated sedimentary deposits that resemble the layered structure of fossil stromatolites and microbially induced sedimentary structures. In addition to layering, both the morphological pattern and the suggested formation mechanism of the recent bedforms are strikingly similar to microbialite strata found in rock records from the Precambrian onwards. This implies that self-organization was an important morphological process in times when biofilms were the predominant sessile ecosystem. These findings furthermore emphasize that self-organization dynamics, such as critical transitions invoking ecosystem emergence or collapse, might have been captured in fossil microbialites, influencing their laminae. This notion may be important for paleoenvironmental reconstructions based on such strata. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

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